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A Boston University study estimates that about 75% of NFL players who died from 2008 through 2023 had evidence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a brain disease associated with repeated head impacts. The estimate concerns deceased players in that period, not all current or retired players.
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The findings add evidence relevant to football’s long-term health risks and may inform discussions among players, families, leagues and sports organizations. They do not establish the rate of CTE among all former or current NFL players.